Carbon Reduction - 2 International Policy Framework

There are innumerable human efforts to find solutions to climate change issues. It has become a continuous dialogue globally and regionally. Man learns always, and he never resists innovation and research. It is one of four ramifications of morality, and it is, in essence, a dynamic force which enacts the human mind to find solutions to the challenges. This is the most precious element of preservation, and continuity is the result of procreation. The challenges for survival remain an element of the human mind to understand, examine, scrutinise, and attempt resolutions. Climate change is one of them, as it causes several consequential impacts to nature and man.

The first world conference was held in 1979 at Geneva, and in this conference, it was recognised that man-made changes in the climate. The first World Climate Conference was held on 12-23 February 1979, and it was a scientific conference. This conference was organised by the World Meteorological Organisation. This conference resulted in establishing the World Climate Programme, World Climate Research Programme, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and United Nations Environment Programme in 1988.

The Second Climate Conference was held from 29 October to 7 November 1990 in Geneva. This conference reviewed the first report submitted by the IPCC. Despite several failing notes, this conference laid the beginning efforts to establish the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). The Kyoto Protocol was the result of it.

The third World Climate Conference -3 was held in Geneva, Switzerland, in 2009. The efforts of this conference were found meaningful to the climate predictions pertaining to food producers, water managers, energy developers and managers, public health workers, national planners, tourism managers and the public at large. The results of the Conference were found relevant to the achievement of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals and other programmes like the Bali Action Plan, the Nairobi work programme and others.

In 1992, the Earth Summit was held in Rio de Janeiro, and it adopted Agenda 21 for sustainable development. Among other achievements, the agreement on the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development was remarkable. Agenda 21 contains 2500 recommendations for global action. Many member nations of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) had drawn detailed national agendas for stabilising or reducing their emissions of greenhouse gases. The Council of the European Communities (EC) promoted the policy that aimed to contain carbon dioxide emissions. The UNFCCC insisted on voluntary actions by the year 2000 to pursue the long-term measures on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

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